Freedom House, “internet özgürlüğü” ile 2018 yılı reytingi yayınladı. İlgili reytingdeki ülkeler 100 puanlık sistemle değerlendiriliyor. 100 puan tamamen özgür olmayan ve 0 puanı alanlar ise tamamen özgürler anlamına geliyor. Bu yılınki reytingde Gürcistan, 1 puan gerileyerek 25 puaı kazandı. İlgili endeksle Gürcistan “özgür” ülke statüsüne sahiptir.
Freedom House’un belirttiğine göre son bir yıl içerisinde (2017 yılının Mayıs ayından 2018 ‘in Mayıs ayına kadar dönem) Gürcistan hükümeti tarafından sosyal medya yada farklı internet platformunun kısıtlanması tespit edilmedi. Ayrıca, internete erişimin özgürlüğü, yeni Anayasaya göre insan hakkı olarak kabul edilmektedir.
Gürcistan’da, internetin yayılması ile kullanılması endeksi de artıyor. Halkla iletişimi kurmak için siyasetçiler ile kamu görevliler sosyal medyayı kullanıyor.
Ancak, raporda belirtildiği gibi hem hükümet hem de internet servis sağlayıcıları tarafından Gürcistan’da sensür ve online manipülasyon belritileri mevcuttu. Örnek olarak ise internet ortamında Batı karşıtı propaganda söyleniyor.
Freedom House belirttiğine göre Gürcistan’da internet ile cep telefonlarının kullanımı ile ilgili göstergesi arttı. Ama yüksek fiyatlar, uygun olman altıyapı ile internet hızının düşük olduğu yine problem olarak kalıyor. “Hükümetin beyan ettiğine göre ilgili hususlar halledilecek. Ancak, sorunların çözülmesi için gerekli planlar mevcut değildir” diye Freedom House belirtiyor.
Freedom House verilerine göre 2017’de Gürcistan’ın nüfusunun %60’ının internete erişimi mevcuttu. Gürcistan İstatistik Kurumu verilerine dayanarak hanelerin %75’inin internete erişimi vardı. Ancak, araştırma raporundaki verilen bilgilere göre şehirlerde internet ile cep telefonların kullanımının göstergesi köylere göre daha yüksektir.
Gürcistan’ın hükümetinin, ülkede internet altyapısının nasıl geliştirileceğine dair mükemmel strateji ile uzun vadeli bakış açısına sahip olmadığı hakkında, söz konusu raporda belirtilmektedir. Ayrıca, raporda, Kartu Fonu tarafından gerçekleştirilecek evrensel internet projesi hakkında da bahsediliyor. Ancak, Freedom House sivil toplum proje şeffaflığı açısından soruların olduğunu belirtiyor.
Aynı rapordan, iki operatör Magti ve Silknet %78 pazar payına sahip olduklarına dair bilgileri okuyoruz. Bu iki operatörün büyümesi, pazar konsantrasyonu ile ilgili endişe nedeni oldu. Ancak, fiyat politikasına olumsuz olarak bugüne kadar etkilememiştir.
Freedom House, Gürcistan’da online medyanın çeşitli olduğunu belirtiyor. Ancak, değişik kaynakların siyası çevreleri ile bağlantılarının olduğuna dair belirtileri mevcurttur. Batı ile Rusya karşıtı propaganda hakkında da konuşuluyor.
“Özel sektör online reklamlardan çekiniyor” diye raporda belirtilmektedir.
Gürcistan komşu ülkelere gelince bu yılın reytinginde en ilerlemiş durumda Ermenistan olup 100 puandan 27 puanı aldı.
En kotu sonucu 100 puandan 88,85 ile 83 puanları ile dünya çapında Çin, İran ile Suriye aldılar.
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