დერივატივი (ინგლისურად derivative) არის სხვადასხვა საბაზო აქტივისგან წარმოებული ფინანსური ინსტრუმენტი, რომლის ღირებულება საბაზო აქტივის ღირებულებაზეა დამოკიდებული. „დერივატივი“, როგოც სიტყვა, ინგლისურიდან ქართულად რომ ვთარგმნოთ, წარმოებულს მიშნავს. საბაზისო აქტივი, რომელზეც არის დაფუძნებული დერივატივი, შეიძლება იყოს კომპანიის აქცია, უძრავი ქონება, ვალუტის კურსი, ინდექსები, ობლიგაციები და ა.შ.
დერივატივებით ვაჭრობა დღეს ვრცლად არის გავრცელებული ფინანსურ ბაზრებზე. დერივატივებით ვაჭრობა ათას ტრილიონ დოლარს აღწევს, რაც მსოფლიო ეკონომიკაზე 10-ჯერ დიდია.
თავდაპირველად დერივატივების დანიშნულება ბაზარზე არსებული რყევებისდან გამოწვეული რისკისგან დაცვა იყო (მაგალითად, წინასწარ ფიქსირებული ფასით დადებული კონტრაქტები), თუმცა თანდათანობით ფასიანი ქაღალდებით ვაჭრობის ინსტრუმენტად გადაიქცა. მაგალითად, კომპანიის აქციაზე მიბმულ დერივატივს მფლობელისთვის შემოსავალი მოაქვს, თუ ეს აქცია ძვირდება. ამ შემთხვევაში დერივატივის ფასი იზრდება.
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